The Fluid Text: A Theory of Revision and Editing for Book and Screen

Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002


The term fluid text refers to any literary work that exists in multiple versions--for example, an author's drafts, publisher's proofs, revised editions, adaptations for film or stage, expurgations for children, and so on. The Fluid Text urges the importance of examining these variations in their cultural contexts because of the valuable record they provide of the interpretations of both the act of authorial creativity and societal pressures. The book's core argument is that, although literary works are often considered to be fixed objects, they are in fact fluid works-in-progress that shift and change according to many factors, including their cultural situation.

The Fluid Text examines authorial, editorial, and cultural (i.e., adaptations, bowdlerizations) changes to texts and provides the first coherent theoretical, critical, and editorial approach to various versions of Melville's Typee to present protocols for fluid-text analysis and to demonstrate how book and computer screen can be used effectively in tandem to present textual information.

"A thoroughly satisfying book...Bryant's concept of fluid text entails a relational way to read in which meaning is generated from difference rather than from different textual entities...The Fluid Text represents a breakthrough in the field of textual criticism."

Peter Shillingsburg

Author, Scholarly Editing in the Computer Age


ARTICLES on the Fluid Text:

  • “Textual Identity and Adaptive Revision: Editing Adaptation as a Fluid Text.” In Adaptation Studies: New Challenges, New Directions. Ed. Jørgen Bruhn, Ann Gjelsvik, and Eirik Frisvold Hanssen. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Pp. 47-67.

  • “Witness and Access: The Uses of the Fluid Text,” Textual Cultures 2.1 (Spring 2007): 16-42.

  • “Versions of Moby-Dick: Plagiarism, Censorship, and Some Notes toward an Ethics of the Fluid Text,” Variants 4 (2005): 1-27.